Spontaneous Pyogenic Spondylitis and Possible Infective Endocarditis Caused by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, an etiological agent associated with periodontitis, endocarditis, and other infections, has rarely been implicated in spondylitis. A 70-year-old man with aortic valve replacement presented with a 4-month history of lower back pain and was diagnosed with spondylitis. Prolonged incubation of blood cultures and a biopsy yielded A. actinomycetemcomitans. Concurrent infective endocarditis (IE) was probable considering the infectious organism and the patients' prosthetic valve. The patient was treated with ceftriaxone and recovered well. Pyogenic spondylitis with possible concurrent IE may be caused by A. actinomycetemcomitans. Extended incubation and repeated cultures should be considered if Haemophilus spp., Aggregatibacter spp, Cardiobacterium spp, Eikenella spp, and Kingella spp. (HACEK) infection is suspected.