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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 25, 2025

Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots
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Single-electron operations in a foundry-fabricated array of quantum dots.

Fabio Ansaloni1, Anasua Chatterjee1, Heorhii Bohuslavskyi1

  • 1Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Nature Communications
|December 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers demonstrate single-electron operations in silicon quantum dots using industrial foundry fabrication. This breakthrough enables scalable quantum processor development with precise control over electron tunneling and exchange.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Computing
  • Materials Science
  • Semiconductor Physics

Background:

  • Silicon quantum dots offer a promising platform for scalable quantum processors due to industrial fabrication compatibility.
  • Traditionally, silicon's high electron effective mass has restricted single-electron operations to specialized academic facilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate single-electron occupation and control in a silicon quantum dot device fabricated using standard industrial foundry processes.
  • To explore the potential for advanced quantum operations, including electron tunneling and exchange, within a foundry-fabricated silicon system.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a 2x2 split-gate silicon device using 300-mm wafer foundry processes.
  • Utilizing gate-voltage pulsing and high-frequency reflectometry for single-electron manipulation and detection.
  • Employing spatial permutation within the 2D quantum dot array to exchange electrons.

Main Results:

  • Achieved single-electron occupation in all four quantum dots of the foundry-fabricated device.
  • Demonstrated single-shot detection of electron tunneling events.
  • Showcased adjustable tunneling times controlled by a global top gate.
  • Successfully performed two-electron exchange via spatial permutation.

Conclusions:

  • Foundry fabrication of silicon quantum dots enables scalable single-electron operations, overcoming traditional limitations.
  • The demonstrated control over tunneling and exchange is crucial for building robust spin-based quantum processors.
  • The ability to perform electron exchange opens possibilities for novel quantum algorithms.