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Isolation of Adipose Tissue Immune Cells
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The Adipocyte and Adaptive Immunity.

Jianfeng Song1, Tuo Deng1,2

  • 1National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|December 17, 2020
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Adipocytes, or fat cells, are crucial in adaptive immunity, influencing T cell and B cell responses. Understanding their immunological role is key to addressing chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Keywords:
B cellT celladaptive immunityadipocyteadipokine

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Adipocytes possess energy storage, endocrine, and immunological functions.
  • They are implicated in the pathology of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
  • Adaptive immunity involves T cell-mediated (cellular) and B cell-mediated (humoral) responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of adipocytes in adaptive immunity.
  • To explore adipocyte involvement from both T cell and B cell perspectives.
  • To discuss adipocyte contributions to disease pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on adipocyte immunology.
  • Analysis of adipocyte interactions with T cells and B cells.
  • Examination of adipokine signaling in immune regulation.

Main Results:

  • Obese adipocytes function as antigen-presenting cells (APCs), promoting CD4+ T cell activation.
  • Adipokines secreted by adipocytes regulate T cell proliferation and differentiation.
  • Adipokines influence B cell generation, development, activation, and antibody production.

Conclusions:

  • Adipocytes play a significant role in T cell and B cell-mediated adaptive immunity.
  • Adipocyte functions in immunity contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases.
  • Further research into adipocyte immunology may reveal therapeutic targets for inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.