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Related Concept Videos

Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

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Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
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Infection01:20

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
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COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
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Classification of Illness01:17

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The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
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Viral Recombination00:57

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

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The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 25, 2025

Dynamic Monitoring of Seroconversion using a Multianalyte Immunobead Assay for Covid-19
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Dynamic Monitoring of Seroconversion using a Multianalyte Immunobead Assay for Covid-19

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Seroconversion stages COVID19 into distinct pathophysiological states.

Matthew D Galbraith1,2, Kohl T Kinning1, Kelly D Sullivan1,3

  • 1Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.

Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
|December 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

COVID19 patient status, determined by seroconversion, reveals distinct immune and blood cell profiles. This finding may help stratify patients for targeted COVID19 therapies.

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A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Virology

Background:

  • COVID19 presents complex pathophysiology, including hyperinflammation and end-organ damage.
  • Lack of biomarkers hinders patient stratification and targeted therapy development for COVID19.

Approach:

  • Conducted a cross-sectional multi-omics analysis of hospitalized COVID19 patients.
  • Examined associations between seroconversion status and distinct pathophysiological states.

Key Points:

  • Seronegative patients show hyperactive T/NK cells, high interferons, complement activation, neutropenia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia.
  • Seropositive patients exhibit attenuated inflammation, increased B cells, emergency hematopoiesis, platelet activation, and hypoalbuminemia.
  • Seroconversion status correlates with differing COVID19 disease mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Seroconversion status may serve as a biosignature for stratifying COVID19 patients.
  • This stratification can inform targeted therapeutic interventions and clinical trial analysis for diverse patient groups.