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Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus
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Transkingdom Interactions Important for the Pathogenesis of Human Viruses
Andrew Nishimoto1, Nicholas Wohlgemuth1, Jason Rosch1
1Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|December 17, 2020
Summary
The mammalian microbiome influences viral infections by directly interacting with viruses or by altering host immunity. Understanding these complex interactions is crucial for developing new antiviral strategies.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- The mammalian microbiome, comprising bacteria, fungi, and helminths, significantly impacts host health and disease.
- Pathogenic viruses interact with the host microbiome during infection, potentially evolving to exploit or evade microbial communities.
Discussion:
- Microbiome-virus interactions can be direct (virion-microbiota contact) or indirect (immunomodulation, tissue remodeling).
- These interactions can influence viral pathogenesis in ways that benefit either the host or the virus.
Key Insights:
- In vitro and murine models reveal synergistic and antagonistic relationships between microbiomes and viruses.
- Transkingdom interactions between human gastrointestinal/respiratory viruses and their respective microbiomes are a key focus.
Outlook:
- Further research into microbiome-virus dynamics can lead to novel therapeutic targets.
- Understanding these interactions is vital for managing viral diseases in diverse host tissues.
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