Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

23.9K
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
23.9K
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

4.4K
4.4K
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

59.3K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
59.3K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

7.8K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
7.8K
RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

9.5K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
9.5K
Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing02:41

Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing

3.1K
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Recovery of Walking Function After ACL Reconstruction of the Knee Joint: A Non-Randomized Study and Mixed Cross-Sectional Comparison of Postoperative Time Groups.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9-based screening revealed the role of ubiquitin ligase TRIM25 in ribosome degradation via ribophagy.

Autophagy·2026
Same author

Novel examples of NMD escape through alternative intronic polyadenylation.

NAR genomics and bioinformatics·2026
Same author

A bifunctional H/ACA snoRNP mediates both pseudouridylation and rRNA scaffolding during ribosome assembly.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Ancestral intronic splicing regulatory elements in the SCNα gene family.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Structures of the eIF4G-binding RNA domains among picornaviral IRES types are topologically conserved.

Nature communications·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 25, 2025

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes
10:25

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes

Published on: April 22, 2021

5.2K

Multiple competing RNA structures dynamically control alternative splicing in the human ATE1 gene.

Marina Kalinina1, Dmitry Skvortsov2, Svetlana Kalmykova1

  • 1Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Center of Life Sciences, Moscow 143026, Russia.

Nucleic Acids Research
|December 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The Ate1 gene

More Related Videos

Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells
10:06

Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells

Published on: April 26, 2017

9.2K
A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency
08:53

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency

Published on: September 15, 2021

3.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 25, 2025

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes
10:25

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes

Published on: April 22, 2021

5.2K
Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells
10:06

Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells

Published on: April 26, 2017

9.2K
A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency
08:53

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency

Published on: September 15, 2021

3.0K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • The mammalian Ate1 gene encodes an arginyl transferase enzyme crucial for tumor suppression.
  • Alternative splicing of mutually exclusive exons (MXE), specifically exons 7a and 7b, in the Ate1 pre-mRNA is critical for its function.
  • Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of Ate1 MXE splicing is essential for elucidating its role in cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms governing mutually exclusive exon splicing in the mammalian Ate1 gene.
  • To identify and characterize the regulatory intronic elements and RNA structures involved in Ate1 splicing.
  • To determine the role of co-transcriptional folding and long-range RNA interactions in controlling Ate1 exon choice.

Main Methods:

  • Minigene splicing assays with site-directed mutagenesis to probe RNA structure-function relationships.
  • In vivo experiments using LNA/DNA mixmers to disrupt specific RNA base pairings in endogenous Ate1 pre-mRNA.
  • Analysis of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcription dynamics and its impact on splicing.
  • Investigating long-range RNA-RNA interactions spanning up to 30 Kb.

Main Results:

  • Five conserved intronic elements (R1-R5) regulate Ate1 MXE splicing through competing and long-range base pairings.
  • Disruption of R1-R3 and R3-R4 base pairings abolishes MXE splicing, while compensatory mutations restore it.
  • Blocking R3 interactions or disrupting the ultra-long-range R2-R5 structure significantly alters the MXE splicing ratio.
  • Ate1 exon 7a inclusion is dependent on co-transcriptional RNA folding, mediated by the R2-R5 structure, and responsive to RNA Pol II slowdown.

Conclusions:

  • Ate1 splicing is precisely controlled by two independent RNA structural modules (R1-R4 and R2-R5) that dynamically interact.
  • Splicing regulation occurs over long distances in both time and space, mediated by intricate RNA structures.
  • Co-transcriptional RNA folding plays a critical role in determining the alternative splicing outcome of Ate1 exons 7a and 7b.