Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

316
Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
316
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

441
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
441
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

48.5K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
48.5K
Fungal Phylum Microsporidia01:28

Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

266
Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
266
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

12.7K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
12.7K
Viruses of Archaea01:29

Viruses of Archaea

299
Archaeal viruses play a crucial role in the ecosystems of extremophilic archaea, particularly those belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. By shaping host evolution and facilitating gene transfer, these viruses influence microbial communities and contribute to genetic diversity in extreme environments. The archaea they infect thrive in acidic hot springs and hydrothermal vents characterized by high temperatures and low pH. Archaeal viruses exhibit remarkable structural...
299

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A viroid-like RNA can be transmitted among different <i>Trichoderma</i> species affecting their antagonistic capacity.

mBio·2026
Same author

Biological characterization of citrus viroid VII.

Plant disease·2026
Same author

Response to a report published by the Office for Risk Assessment & Research of the Netherlands Food and Product Safety Authority on three EFSA quantitative pest risk assessments.

EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority·2026
Same author

Commodity risk assessment of <i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> plants from the United Kingdom.

EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority·2026
Same author

A qPCR method for detection of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus': Optimization of selected assay parameters.

Journal of microbiological methods·2026
Same author

New viral sequences and endogenous viral elements (EVE) in world-wide populations of Trioza erytreae, the African citrus psyllid.

Virus research·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 25, 2025

Combining Analysis of DNA in a Crude Virion Extraction with the Analysis of RNA from Infected Leaves to Discover New Virus Genomes
08:56

Combining Analysis of DNA in a Crude Virion Extraction with the Analysis of RNA from Infected Leaves to Discover New Virus Genomes

Published on: July 27, 2018

11.3K

ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Pospiviroidae.

Francesco Di Serio1, Robert A Owens2, Shi-Fang Li3

  • 1Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bari, 70126, Italy.

The Journal of General Virology
|December 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The Pospiviroidae family comprises single-stranded circular RNA plant pathogens. These viroids replicate in the nucleus via a unique rolling-circle mechanism and lack hammerhead ribozymes.

Keywords:
ICTV ReportPospiviroidaetaxonomy

More Related Videos

Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors
06:02

Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors

Published on: September 13, 2018

7.2K
Single Cell Micro-aspiration as an Alternative Strategy to Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting for Giant Virus Mixture Separation
09:50

Single Cell Micro-aspiration as an Alternative Strategy to Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting for Giant Virus Mixture Separation

Published on: October 27, 2019

7.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 25, 2025

Combining Analysis of DNA in a Crude Virion Extraction with the Analysis of RNA from Infected Leaves to Discover New Virus Genomes
08:56

Combining Analysis of DNA in a Crude Virion Extraction with the Analysis of RNA from Infected Leaves to Discover New Virus Genomes

Published on: July 27, 2018

11.3K
Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors
06:02

Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors

Published on: September 13, 2018

7.2K
Single Cell Micro-aspiration as an Alternative Strategy to Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting for Giant Virus Mixture Separation
09:50

Single Cell Micro-aspiration as an Alternative Strategy to Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting for Giant Virus Mixture Separation

Published on: October 27, 2019

7.4K

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Plant Pathology

Background:

  • Viroids are small, non-coding RNA molecules that infect plants.
  • The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) classifies viroids into families based on genomic and replication characteristics.
  • Understanding viroid classification is crucial for plant disease management and molecular research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the ICTV Report on the family Pospiviroidae.
  • To detail the genomic and replication features of Pospiviroidae.
  • To outline the taxonomic structure within the Pospiviroidae family.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of the official ICTV viroid classification report.
  • Analysis of genomic characteristics, including RNA structure and conserved regions.
  • Comparison of replication mechanisms with other viroid families.

Main Results:

  • Pospiviroidae members possess single-stranded, circular RNA genomes with rod-like conformations.
  • Replication occurs in the plant nucleus via an asymmetric RNA-RNA rolling-circle mechanism.
  • This family is distinguished by the absence of hammerhead ribozymes, unlike Avsunviroidae.
  • The family includes five genera (Apscaviroid, Cocadviroid, Coleviroid, Hostuviroid, Pospiviroid) with over 25 species.

Conclusions:

  • The Pospiviroidae family represents a significant group of plant-infecting viroids with distinct molecular features.
  • The defined taxonomic structure aids in the study and identification of these pathogens.
  • Further research into Pospiviroidae biology can inform strategies for controlling associated plant diseases.