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Drug-induced ocular inflammation.

Priya Samalia1, Joanne Sims2, Rachael Niederer2

  • 1Ophthlamology Fellow, Greenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland.

The New Zealand Medical Journal
|December 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Drug-induced ocular inflammation is a rare cause of uveitis, often linked to bisphosphonates and cancer medications. While bisphosphonate cases are typically mild, those from cancer drugs can be severe but manageable.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Drug-induced ocular inflammation is an uncommon but significant cause of uveitis.
  • It can be overlooked, necessitating a thorough understanding of causative agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the causes of drug-induced ocular inflammation.
  • To describe associated uveitis complications and drug rechallenge reactions.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 2,750 subjects at a tertiary uveitis clinic.
  • Analysis of 50 eyes from 35 subjects with drug-induced ocular inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Drug-induced inflammation occurred in 1.3% of uveitis subjects.
  • Bisphosphonates were the most common cause (68.6%), followed by cancer drugs (17.1%).
  • Cancer drug-induced uveitis could be severe but was often manageable without drug cessation.

Conclusions:

  • Bisphosphonate-induced ocular inflammation is generally mild and resolves upon withdrawal.
  • Ocular inflammation from newer cancer medications can be more severe but often managed conservatively.

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