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Updated: Nov 25, 2025

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An incidental finding of Dandy-Walker malformation.

Eric Hochberg1, Erin Niles

  • 1Eric Hochberg and Erin Niles practice in the Lung Rescue Unit, an adult veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation unit at the University of Maryland's R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center in Baltimore, Md. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

JAAPA : Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants
|December 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Dandy-Walker malformation, a rare congenital posterior fossa anomaly, was identified during an encephalopathy workup in a patient undergoing veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute respiratory distress syndrome.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Congenital Anomalies

Background:

  • Dandy-Walker malformation is a rare congenital anomaly affecting the posterior fossa.
  • It occurs in approximately 1 in 30,000 births.
  • Hallmark characteristics include vermian hypoplasia, fourth ventricle dilation, and enlarged posterior fossa.

Observation:

  • This case study details the incidental finding of Dandy-Walker malformation.
  • The malformation was discovered during the diagnostic workup of encephalopathy.
  • The patient was on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Findings:

  • Dandy-Walker malformation was identified in a patient presenting with encephalopathy.
  • The diagnosis was made in the context of critical illness requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

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  • This highlights a potential association or co-occurrence in complex medical scenarios.

    • Implications:

    • This case underscores the importance of considering congenital anomalies in patients with unexplained neurological symptoms, even in critical care settings.
    • It may prompt further investigation into the interplay between Dandy-Walker malformation and critical illnesses like ARDS.
    • Understanding such associations can inform diagnostic and management strategies for complex pediatric cases.