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Updated: Nov 25, 2025

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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and postnatal growth following extremely preterm birth

Theodore Dassios1,2, Emma E Williams2, Ann Hickey3

  • 1Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK theodore.dassios@kcl.ac.uk.

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
|December 18, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Infants born prematurely who developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) showed better postnatal growth in weight and head circumference compared to those without BPD, suggesting improved nutritional support strategies for BPD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Clinical Pediatrics

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a significant complication in extremely preterm infants.
  • Understanding growth patterns in infants with BPD is crucial for optimizing care.
  • Current data on BPD incidence and associated growth trajectories needs regular updates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of BPD in a national cohort of extremely preterm infants.
  • To compare the changes in weight and head circumference z-scores from birth to discharge between infants with and without BPD.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective, whole-population study was conducted using data from all neonatal units in England (2014-2018).
  • Infants born before 28 completed weeks of gestation were included.
  • Changes in weight (ΔWz) and head circumference (ΔHz) z-scores were calculated from birth to 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) and discharge, respectively.

Main Results:

  • The study included 11,806 infants, with a BPD incidence of 57.5%.
  • Infants who developed BPD had significantly smaller changes in weight z-score (ΔWz) from birth to 36 weeks PMA compared to those without BPD.
  • Similarly, infants with BPD showed significantly smaller changes in head circumference z-score (ΔHz) from birth to discharge.

Conclusions:

  • Despite developing BPD, these infants demonstrated comparatively better postnatal growth.
  • This improved growth may be attributed to more aggressive nutritional support strategies implemented for infants diagnosed with BPD.
  • Further research into nutritional interventions for extremely preterm infants is warranted.
Abstract

Keywords:
growthneonatology

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