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Help, there are 'omics' in my comparative physiology!

Alex S Torson1, Yun-Wei Dong2, Brent J Sinclair3

  • 1Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada.

The Journal of Experimental Biology
|December 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Integrating

Keywords:
GenomicsHypothesis testingMetabolomicsRNA-seqTranscriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Comparative Physiology
  • Systems Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • 'Omics' methods (transcriptomics, proteomics, lipidomics, metabolomics) enable simultaneous measurement of numerous molecules.
  • These approaches offer novel avenues for investigating the mechanisms behind physiological phenotypes.
  • Integrating omics into comparative physiology presents unique challenges and opportunities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a roadmap for effectively integrating omics techniques into comparative physiology research.
  • To guide researchers in selecting appropriate omics approaches based on resources and study timelines.
  • To highlight potential pitfalls in omics experimental design and data interpretation.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of general approaches and considerations for omics integration in comparative physiology.
  • Evaluation of strategies such as whole-organism extracts and sample pooling.
  • Description of easily analyzed omics experimental designs within a hypothetico-deductive framework.

Main Results:

  • Omics methods can be powerful tools for hypothesis generation and testing in comparative physiology.
  • Careful experimental design is crucial to avoid masking physiological mechanisms and to prevent 'fishing expeditions'.
  • Considerations for sample preparation (e.g., whole-organism extracts, pooling) impact mechanistic insights.

Conclusions:

  • Successful integration of omics in comparative physiology requires strategic planning and adherence to rigorous scientific frameworks.
  • Avoiding common pitfalls such as ambiguous experiments and vague conclusions is essential for meaningful results.
  • This commentary serves as a guide for newcomers to navigate the complexities of omics in physiological studies.