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Psychophysiologic aspects in essential hypertension.

R E Schmieder1, W Langewitz, H Otten

  • 1Department of Medicine, Bonn-Venusberg, FRG.

Journal of Human Hypertension
|December 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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The sympathetic nervous system

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular physiology
  • Hypertension research
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Essential hypertension pathogenesis involves the sympathetic nervous system.
  • Arterial pressure fluctuates diurnally, influenced by stress.
  • Individual cardiovascular responses to stress vary significantly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of sympathetic nervous system overactivity in hypertension development.
  • To identify risk factors for hypertension based on stress-induced cardiovascular responses.
  • To examine the influence of sex hormones and oral contraceptives on cardiovascular reactivity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiologic and experimental studies.
  • Analysis of blood pressure and heart rate responses to physical and emotional stressors.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of cardiovascular reactivity to mental arithmetic and noise exposure.

    • Main Results:

    • Individuals at high risk for hypertension exhibit sympathetic nervous system hyperreactivity to stress.
    • Elevated cardiovascular reactivity to stressors predicts future hypertension development.
    • Estrogens may mitigate stress-induced cardiovascular responses in women, an effect counteracted by oral contraceptives.

    Conclusions:

    • Sympathetic nervous system overactivity is a key factor in essential hypertension.
    • Stress-induced blood pressure hyperresponsiveness is a significant risk marker for hypertension.
    • Vascular structural changes may result from repeated high stress blood pressure episodes, leading to sustained hypertension.