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NANOG regulates the proliferation of PCSCs via the TGF-β1/SMAD pathway

Changming Liu1, Mingxiong Sheng1, Liheng Lin1

  • 1The Department of Urology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuan, Fujian 355000, People's Republic of China.

Open Medicine (Warsaw, Poland)
|December 18, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Nanog homeobox (NANOG) regulates prostate cancer stem cell (PCSC) growth by influencing the TGF-β1/SMAD pathway. This suggests NANOG is a potential therapeutic target for overcoming castration resistance in prostate cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Castration resistance in prostate cancer often leads to mortality.
  • Prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) are implicated in the development of castration resistance.
  • The roles of NANOG and TGF-β1/SMAD signaling in PCSCs are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of NANOG on PCSC proliferation.
  • To determine the involvement of the TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway in NANOG-mediated PCSC regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of CD44+/CD133+/NANOG+ PCSCs from DU145 cells using flow cytometry.
  • Silencing of NANOG using short hairpin RNA (shRNA).
  • Assessment of PCSC biological behavior and TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway activity.

Main Results:

  • NANOG expression suppressed PCSC proliferation and induced apoptosis.
  • NANOG inhibited cell cycle progression at the G0/G1 phase.
  • Reduction in TGF-β1, p15, and p-SMAD2 expression was observed following NANOG silencing.

Conclusions:

  • NANOG positively regulates PCSC growth via the TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway.
  • NANOG plays a critical role in maintaining PCSC characteristics relevant to castration resistance.
Keywords:
NANOGTGF-β1/SMAD signalcastration-resistant prostate cancerproliferationprostate cancer stem cells

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