Epidemiological analysis of 18 patients with COVID-19

The present study aimed to explore the transmission pattern and the incubation period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as well as the clinical characteristics of infants with COVID-19 to provide a scientific basis for introducing further measures to reduce the infection rate and control the pandemic.

A descriptive epidemiological study of 18 patients with COVID-19 in People's Hospital of Deyuan was carried out. Among these patients, 16 cases were connected with clusters (11 family-cluster cases and 5 public-cluster cases). The basic characteristics, clinical symptoms, and epidemiological characteristics of the patients were considered in the investigation.

The median age of the 18 patients was 44.5 years (37.5-52.0 years), and there were 10 males and 8 females in the sample. The main clinical symptoms were fever and cough. The epidemiological characteristics were as follows: (1) the median incubation period was 8 days (with an interquartile range of 4-12 days); (2) the incubation period in one case was ≥18 days; (3) one infant patient was asymptomatic prior to their diagnosis; and (4) two asymptomatic patients had a positive nucleic acid test after their family members were diagnosed with COVID-19.

COVID-19 can be transmitted in many ways, including via respiratory droplets and indirect contact, and it spreads easily among close contacts. People with a history of contact with areas affected by the disease should be isolated at home for 14 days. Moreover, attention should be focused on the issues of asymptomatic infectors, asymptomatic infants, and infants with mild symptoms.