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Researchers studied neutron-rich sulfur isotopes, specifically ^{43}S, to understand nuclear shape evolution. They found sudden onset of shape coexistence and collective structure in ^{43}S, unlike its isotone ^{45}Ar.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Atomic and Molecular Physics
  • Quantum Mechanics

Background:

  • Neutron-rich nuclei near N=28 exhibit unique shell structure and shape evolution.
  • The N=28 island of inversion is crucial for understanding exotic nuclei properties.
  • Shape coexistence in exotic nuclei challenges current nuclear models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate quadrupole collectivity in ^{43}S, focusing on its ground and isomeric states.
  • To test the interpretation of shape and configuration coexistence in the sulfur isotopic chain.
  • To compare the nuclear structure evolution between ^{43}S and its isotone ^{45}Ar.

Main Methods:

  • Shell model calculations were employed to predict nuclear properties.
  • Analysis of electromagnetic transition strengths was performed.
  • Quadrupole moments were calculated to assess nuclear collectivity.

Main Results:

  • Quadrupole collectivity was assessed for the first time on both the 3/2^{-} ground state and 7/2^{-} isomer of ^{43}S.
  • A sudden onset of shape coexistence and collective structure was observed in ^{43}S.
  • No similar patterns of shape coexistence were found in the N=27 isotone ^{45}Ar.

Conclusions:

  • ^{43}S exhibits a unique emergence of shape coexistence and collective behavior.
  • The findings challenge simple interpretations of nuclear structure evolution in this region.
  • The study highlights the sudden changes in nuclear properties across isotopic chains.