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Threat perceptions and the intention to acquire firearms.

Michael D Anestis1, Craig J Bryan2

  • 1New Jersey Gun Violence Research Center, United States; Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, United States.

Journal of Psychiatric Research
|December 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

During COVID-19, individuals buying firearms showed higher fears and less tolerance for uncertainty. Exaggerated threat perceptions, not neighborhood safety, may drive firearm purchases to reduce anxiety.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Psychology
  • Criminology

Background:

  • Firearm sales increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, prompting concerns about potential rises in suicide rates.
  • Understanding the motivations behind firearm acquisition during health crises is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of individuals intending to purchase firearms during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To identify factors associated with firearm acquisition intentions, including psychological and demographic variables.

Main Methods:

  • A survey of 3,500 Americans was conducted in mid-2020, comparing those intending to buy firearms with those who were undecided or not planning to buy.
  • Data included demographic information, anxiety levels, COVID-19 specific fears, suicidal ideation history, and prior firearm ownership.
Keywords:
COVID-19FirearmsGun violenceSuicide

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Main Results:

  • Individuals intending to buy firearms exhibited lower uncertainty tolerance, exaggerated threat expectancies, and heightened COVID-19 fears.
  • These individuals were more likely to have past suicidal ideation, work in law enforcement or essential services, and already own firearms.
  • Intent to purchase was not linked to lower perceived neighborhood safety, suggesting fear reduction as a primary motivator.

Conclusions:

  • Exaggerated fears and anxiety may be key drivers for firearm purchases during the pandemic, particularly among existing gun owners.
  • Findings suggest a need for mental health support and targeted interventions for individuals exhibiting these risk factors.