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Using Random Regression Models to Genetically Evaluate Functional Longevity Traits in North American Angus Cattle.

Hinayah R Oliveira1,2, Luiz F Brito2, Stephen P Miller3

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Summary

Functional longevity (FLb) is a better indicator for genetic evaluation than traditional longevity (TL) or functional longevity with no missing records (FLa). FLb offers higher heritability and prediction accuracy, suggesting its superiority for improving cattle longevity.

Keywords:
beef cattlelifespanlongitudinal traitproductive lifestayabilitysurvival

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Genetics
  • Quantitative Genetics
  • Livestock Breeding

Background:

  • Traditional longevity (TL) and functional longevity (FL) are key traits in cattle breeding.
  • Different definitions of functional longevity exist, including those accounting for missing calving records (FLb).
  • Understanding genetic parameters for various longevity indicators and culling reasons is crucial for effective selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose novel longevity indicators by comparing genetic parameters.
  • To evaluate traditional longevity (TL) and functional longevity (FL) definitions.
  • To assess the impact of different culling reasons on genetic parameters for longevity.

Main Methods:

  • Bayesian random regression models (RRM) were employed for single- and multiple-trait analyses.
  • Optimal models included heterogenous residual variance and fourth-order Legendre polynomials.
  • Longevity definitions were evaluated across a wide age range (2 to 15 years).

Main Results:

  • Functional longevity with missing records (FLb) exhibited higher heritability estimates than FLa and TL across various culling reasons.
  • Genetic correlations between ages were low to moderate but increased when extreme ages were excluded.
  • Genetic correlations between different culling reasons were low, suggesting they represent distinct traits.

Conclusions:

  • Functional longevity with missing records (FLb) is the preferred indicator for genetic evaluation of longevity.
  • Incorporating multiple longevity traits based on different culling reasons in selection indices is recommended.
  • Genetic selection using breeding values at four years of age is predicted to enhance longevity in North American Angus cattle.