Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

270
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
270
Psychosurgery01:30

Psychosurgery

236
Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
236
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

1.7K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clinical validation of non-contact vital signs in an emergency department setting.

Frontiers in medical technology·2026
Same author

Reply to Siqueira-Batista and Gómez: Underscoring the importance of biosafety for the return of Martian samples.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Utilizing Martian samples for future planetary exploration-Characterizing hazards and resources.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Women in space: A review of known physiological adaptations and health perspectives.

Experimental physiology·2024
Same author

Characterizing dehydration in short-term spaceflight using evidence from Project Mercury.

NPJ microgravity·2024
Same author

Updates to the NASA human system risk management process for space exploration.

NPJ microgravity·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 25, 2025

Exploring the Effects of Spaceflight on Mouse Physiology using the Open Access NASA GeneLab Platform
11:08

Exploring the Effects of Spaceflight on Mouse Physiology using the Open Access NASA GeneLab Platform

Published on: January 13, 2019

12.6K

Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Prophylactic Surgery Before Extended-Duration Spaceflight.

David P Reyes1, Danielle J Carroll2, Marlei E Walton3

  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine and Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.

Surgical Innovation
|December 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prophylactic surgery for astronauts before deep space missions may increase risks of small bowel obstruction (SBO), outweighing benefits. This study advises against routine prophylactic appendectomy and cholecystectomy for spaceflight.

Keywords:
appendicitischolecystitisprobabilistic risk assessmentprophylactic surgerysmall bowel obstructionspaceflight

More Related Videos

Reduced-gravity Environment Hardware Demonstrations of a Prototype Miniaturized Flow Cytometer and Companion Microfluidic Mixing Technology
13:59

Reduced-gravity Environment Hardware Demonstrations of a Prototype Miniaturized Flow Cytometer and Companion Microfluidic Mixing Technology

Published on: November 13, 2014

14.0K
Assessment of Global Ocular Structure Following Spaceflight Using a Micro-Computed Tomography Micro-CT Imaging Method
09:11

Assessment of Global Ocular Structure Following Spaceflight Using a Micro-Computed Tomography Micro-CT Imaging Method

Published on: October 27, 2020

6.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 25, 2025

Exploring the Effects of Spaceflight on Mouse Physiology using the Open Access NASA GeneLab Platform
11:08

Exploring the Effects of Spaceflight on Mouse Physiology using the Open Access NASA GeneLab Platform

Published on: January 13, 2019

12.6K
Reduced-gravity Environment Hardware Demonstrations of a Prototype Miniaturized Flow Cytometer and Companion Microfluidic Mixing Technology
13:59

Reduced-gravity Environment Hardware Demonstrations of a Prototype Miniaturized Flow Cytometer and Companion Microfluidic Mixing Technology

Published on: November 13, 2014

14.0K
Assessment of Global Ocular Structure Following Spaceflight Using a Micro-Computed Tomography Micro-CT Imaging Method
09:11

Assessment of Global Ocular Structure Following Spaceflight Using a Micro-Computed Tomography Micro-CT Imaging Method

Published on: October 27, 2020

6.0K

Area of Science:

  • Space Medicine
  • Surgical Risk Assessment
  • Probabilistic Risk Analysis

Background:

  • Appendicitis and cholecystitis pose risks during long-duration space missions.
  • Prophylactic surgery could mitigate these risks but introduces others, such as small bowel obstruction (SBO).
  • Probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) is a tool for evaluating complex medical decisions in resource-limited environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the risks of appendicitis and cholecystitis during a Mars mission versus the risk of SBO from prophylactic surgery.
  • To utilize PRA to quantify the benefits and risks of prophylactic appendectomy and/or cholecystectomy for astronauts.

Main Methods:

  • A probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) model employing Monte Carlo simulation was developed.
  • Risks were forecasted for a 2.5-year Mars mission scenario.
  • Outcomes compared included probability of medical evacuation (pEVAC) and probability of loss of crew life (pLOCL).

Main Results:

  • Combined prophylactic appendectomy and cholecystectomy increased the probability of medical evacuation (pEVAC) due to SBO compared to no surgery.
  • The no surgery group showed a slightly higher probability of loss of crew life (pLOCL) than groups with prophylactic surgery.
  • The increased pEVAC from SBO in surgical groups was deemed a significant risk, especially given the impossibility of evacuation.

Conclusions:

  • The analysis does not support prophylactic removal of the appendix and/or gallbladder for spaceflight due to increased SBO risk and limited reduction in loss of life probability.
  • Medical evacuation, even if possible, represents a critical risk in space missions.
  • Future advancements in surgical techniques or medical capabilities may alter these findings, highlighting the utility of PRA for space mission planning.