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Phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge hydrochar: process optimization by response surface methodology.

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Hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge (SS) enables innovative phosphorus recovery. Optimized leaching conditions, particularly low pH and solid/liquid ratio, maximize phosphorus extraction from hydrochar.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Waste Management

Background:

  • Sewage sludge (SS) management presents challenges in treatment and resource recovery.
  • Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) offers a promising route for SS valorization and nutrient recycling.
  • Phosphorus recovery from SS is crucial for sustainable resource management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize phosphorus extraction from hydrochar derived from sewage sludge using nitric acid leaching.
  • To investigate the influence of key parameters on phosphorus recovery efficiency.
  • To determine optimal conditions for maximizing phosphorus yield and minimizing ash content.

Main Methods:

  • Hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge to produce hydrochar.
  • Nitric acid leaching experiments on hydrochar.
  • Optimization using Design of Experiments (DOE) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM).
  • Analysis of factors including pH, leaching time, and solid/liquid (S/L) ratio.

Main Results:

  • Maximum phosphorus extraction yield of 59.57% achieved at pH 1 and the lowest S/L ratio.
  • Lowering pH significantly increased phosphorus yield, while leaching time had minimal impact.
  • Temperature increase from 20 to 60 °C negatively affected phosphorus recovery.
  • Optimal conditions for maximum phosphorus yield and minimum ash content identified as pH 1 and 135 min leaching time at 12.5% S/L ratio.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrothermal carbonization followed by optimized nitric acid leaching is effective for phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge.
  • Low pH and S/L ratio are critical factors for maximizing phosphorus extraction.
  • The study provides optimized parameters for efficient phosphorus recovery and hydrochar deashing.