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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

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iCLIP - Transcriptome-wide Mapping of Protein-RNA Interactions with Individual Nucleotide Resolution

iCLIP - Transcriptome-wide Mapping of Protein-RNA Interactions with Individual Nucleotide Resolution

Published on: April 30, 2011

The Integrator complex at the crossroad of coding and noncoding RNA.

Nina Kirstein¹, Helena Gomes Dos Santos¹, Ezra Blumenthal¹

¹University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Human Genetics, Biomedical Research Building, Room 719, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology

|December 19, 2020

Summary

The Integrator complex regulates gene transcription in animals, impacting RNA processing and gene expression. Its essential roles in development and disease highlight its importance in genomic regulation.

Keywords:

Cancer INTS evolution Integrator complex Neurodevelopmental diseases RNA processing Transcription regulation

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Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification ChIRP

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Published on: March 25, 2012

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Developmental Biology

Background:

Genomic transcription is a fundamental biological process essential for all organisms.
The Integrator complex plays critical roles in metazoans, including RNA processing and gene regulation.
Its involvement in cellular development, particularly neuronal differentiation, is increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the structural and evolutionary insights into Integrator subunits.
To understand the biochemical functionality of the Integrator complex.
To highlight the essential role of Integrator in signaling response and cellular development.

Main Methods:

Analysis of recent structural and evolutionary studies of Integrator subunits.
Review of findings from multiple model organisms regarding Integrator function.
Examination of alterations in Integrator subunits associated with human diseases.

Main Results:

Integrator complex is crucial for endonucleolytic processing of noncoding RNAs.
It regulates RNA polymerase II pause-release and transcription attenuation.
Alterations in Integrator subunits are linked to neurodevelopmental diseases and cancer.

Conclusions:

The Integrator complex is a central regulator of transcriptional processes.
Its evolution is intertwined with genomic complexity, regulatory elements, and chromatin architecture.
Integrator's essential functions underscore its significance in fundamental biology and disease pathogenesis.