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Selenium-doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles for potential application in bone tumor therapy.

Alessandra Barbanente1, Barbara Palazzo2, Lorenzo Degli Esposti3

  • 1Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.

Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry
|December 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Selenium-doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HASe NPs) were synthesized for bone tumor treatment. These nanoparticles show tunable selenium release and potent cytotoxicity against cancer cells at higher concentrations.

Keywords:
BiomaterialsBone cancerHydroxyapatite nanoparticlesIon exchangeSeleniteSelenium

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HA) are crucial in bone tissue engineering.
  • Selenium (Se) exhibits anticancer properties, but its delivery and efficacy need optimization.
  • Developing novel drug delivery systems for targeted cancer therapy is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize selenium-doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HASe NPs).
  • To investigate the release kinetics of selenite ions from HASe NPs under different pH conditions.
  • To evaluate the potential of HASe NPs as chemotherapeutic adjuvant agents for bone tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Wet chemical synthesis of two series of HASe NPs with varying Se/(P + Se) molar ratios.
  • Characterization of HASe NPs using techniques to assess chemical composition, morphology, and crystallinity.
  • In vitro release studies of selenite ions at neutral (pH 7.4) and acidic (tumor microenvironment) conditions.
  • Cytotoxicity assays using prostate (PC3), breast (MDA-MB-231) cancer cells, and human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSc).

Main Results:

  • HASe NPs were successfully synthesized with tunable Se doping levels.
  • Selenium release from HASe NPs was effectively modulated by pH and Se concentration.
  • HASe NPs demonstrated pH-dependent dissolution and controlled selenite ion release.
  • HASe NPs exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against cancer cells, with good cytocompatibility at low Se concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • HASe NPs offer a promising platform for selenium delivery in bone tumor therapy.
  • The controlled release of selenium can be achieved by adjusting NP composition and environmental pH.
  • HASe NPs show potential as chemotherapeutic adjuvants, warranting further investigation for clinical applications.