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There is a Strong Association between Early Preeclampsia and Congenital Heart Defects: A Large Population-Based,

Jie Liu1,2, Guanglin Zhao3, Jiansheng Xie4

  • 1Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shenzhen, China.

Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation
|December 20, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Preeclampsia (PE) significantly increases the risk of congenital heart defects (CHD) in newborns, particularly early-onset and severe cases. Preventing and managing PE may reduce the incidence of CHD in infants.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy complication.
  • Congenital heart defects (CHD) are a significant cause of infant mortality.
  • The association between PE and offspring CHD requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of CHD in newborns.
  • To examine the association between maternal preeclampsia (PE) and offspring CHD.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective clinical study (2004-2017) of 177,434 newborns and their mothers.
  • Data sourced from Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Hospital Medical Record Database.
  • Statistical analysis performed using SPSS23.0.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of CHD was 7.30 per 1,000 births.
  • Women with PE had a higher prevalence of CHD in their offspring (15.8 per 1,000).
  • PE, especially early-onset and severe PE, showed a strong association with CHD (aOR 3.29 and 2.75, respectively).
  • Specific CHD types, including tetralogy of Fallot and ventricular septal defect, were more common in infants of mothers with PE.

Conclusions:

  • Preeclampsia, particularly early-onset and severe forms, is strongly linked to congenital heart defects in offspring.
  • Findings enhance understanding of the PE-CHD association.
  • Preventing and reducing PE incidence may benefit offspring by lowering CHD rates.
Abstract

Keywords:
Congenital heart diseaseEarly-onset preeclampsiaLate-onset preeclampsiaSevere preeclampsia

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