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[Influence of nutrients on human immunity]
1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; Zhongguancun Science Park, Haidianyuan Post-doc Work Station-Nestle R&D China Branch, Beijing 100016, China.
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
|December 20, 2020
Summary
Adequate intake of essential nutrients like vitamins and minerals is crucial for maintaining robust human immunity, impacting both cell-mediated and humoral responses, and influencing disease outcomes. Nutritional status directly affects immune function and the body's ability to defend against illness.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Nutrition Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Human immunity, encompassing cell-mediated and humoral responses, is influenced by various dietary factors.
- Nutrient deficiencies can impair immune function and affect disease outcomes.
- Understanding the relationship between nutrients and immunity is vital for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review existing research on the impact of macronutrients and micronutrients on human immunity.
- To examine the association between nutrient status and immune parameters (e.g., CD4+ counts, IgG levels).
- To evaluate the influence of nutrient intake on disease outcomes and severity.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major databases (Wan Fang Data, CNKI, PubMed, Web of Science).
- Keywords included terms related to nutrients (e.g., protein, vitamins, minerals) and immunity (e.g., inflammation, oxidative stress, immune response).
- 53 relevant articles (18 Chinese, 35 English) published up to January 10th, 2020, were included.
Main Results:
- Studies predominantly focused on iron, zinc, vitamins A, D, E, and fatty acids in relation to immunity.
- Nutrient insufficiency or deficiency was linked to altered immune markers (CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, IgA, IgG).
- Intervention studies demonstrated positive effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), zinc, and vitamin A on immunity and disease outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Nutrient intake and serum levels are significantly associated with cell-mediated and humoral immunity.
- Optimal nutrient status is essential for strengthening the human immune system and enhancing disease defense.
- Maintaining adequate nutrition plays a critical role in immune health and resilience.
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