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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 25, 2025

A Rehabilitation Program of Exoskeleton-assisted Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Training with Non-immersive Virtual Reality for Stroke Patients

A Rehabilitation Program of Exoskeleton-assisted Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Training with Non-immersive Virtual Reality for Stroke Patients

Published on: May 16, 2025

Augmented-reality guided treadmill training as a modality to improve functional mobility post-stroke: A

Nabela Enam¹, Akhila Veerubhotla^2,3, Naphtaly Ehrenberg²

¹Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation

|December 21, 2020

Summary

Augmented reality (AR)-guided treadmill training improved mobility and balance in stroke survivors more than conventional training. This novel intervention also enhanced patient enjoyment and engagement in physical activity.

Keywords:

Augmented reality case report gait rehabilitation gait symmetry hemiplegia stroke

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Last Updated: Nov 25, 2025

A Rehabilitation Program of Exoskeleton-assisted Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Training with Non-immersive Virtual Reality for Stroke Patients

A Rehabilitation Program of Exoskeleton-assisted Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Training with Non-immersive Virtual Reality for Stroke Patients

Published on: May 16, 2025

Author Spotlight: Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients With a Digital Occupational Training System

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Published on: December 29, 2023

Mobile Game-based Virtual Reality Program for Upper Extremity Stroke Rehabilitation

Mobile Game-based Virtual Reality Program for Upper Extremity Stroke Rehabilitation

Published on: March 8, 2018

Area of Science:

Neurorehabilitation
Augmented Reality in Healthcare
Gait Training

Background:

Stroke frequently causes gait impairments and mobility limitations.
Traditional treadmill training is a common rehabilitation strategy.
Novel interventions are needed to enhance recovery and patient engagement.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the proof-of-concept for a novel augmented reality (AR)-guided treadmill intervention for stroke survivors.
To assess the effects of AR-guided treadmill intervention on temporospatial and functional mobility outcomes.
To compare the effectiveness and enjoyment of AR-guided versus conventional treadmill training.

Main Methods:

A 4-week intervention study involving two females with hemiplegia post-stroke and one healthy control.
One stroke participant (SI) underwent AR-guided treadmill intervention; another (SC) underwent conventional treadmill intervention.
Temporospatial and functional mobility were assessed pre-, post-intervention, and at 1-month follow-up; enjoyment was measured using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES).

Main Results:

The SI participant demonstrated clinically meaningful improvements in balance (Berg Balance Score: +6, +10), gait (Dynamic Gait Index: +2), walking speed (+0.19, +0.24 m/s), and endurance (6-minute walk test: +51.9, +38.9) compared to baseline and follow-up.
The SC participant showed smaller improvements in balance and walking speed.
The SI participant reported significantly higher enjoyment (PACES: +23 points) during the intervention compared to the SC participant.

Conclusions:

The AR-guided treadmill intervention showed greater functional improvements than conventional training in the stroke participant.
AR-guided rehabilitation offers potential benefits in customization, enjoyment, and engagement for stroke survivors.
Further research with larger sample sizes is recommended to validate these findings.