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Programming effects of peripubertal stress on spatial learning.

S Tzanoulinou1, E Gantelet1, C Sandi1

  • 1Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.

Neurobiology of Stress
|December 21, 2020
PubMed
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Peripubertal stress impairs adult spatial learning and memory. The adaptation of the corticosterone stress response during puberty, not the peak, predicts cognitive outcomes, suggesting delayed programming of the brain.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Early life adversity profoundly impacts brain development and behavior.
  • The peripubertal period is a critical window for stressor-induced neurodevelopmental changes.
  • Long-term cognitive effects of peripubertal stress are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate long-term effects of peripubertal stress on spatial learning and memory.
  • To examine the relationship between stress adaptation and cognitive outcomes.
  • To determine if observed effects are delayed programming or protracted stress responses.

Main Methods:

  • Water maze task to assess spatial learning and memory in adult animals.
  • Measurement of corticosterone response to repeated stressors during peripubertal period.
Keywords:
CorticosteroneDentate gyrusPSA-NCAMPeripubertal stressStressWater maze

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  • Assessment of emotional and glucocorticoid reactivity, and hippocampal PSA-NCAM expression.

    • Main Results:

    • Peripubertally stressed animals showed slower learning rates in adulthood.
    • Recovery phase of corticosterone response adaptation predicted spatial orientation.
    • Stress altered emotional/glucocorticoid reactivity and hippocampal PSA-NCAM levels.
    • Effects observed in adulthood were due to delayed programming, not ongoing stress.

    Conclusions:

    • Peripubertal stress has lasting effects on cognitive function, mediated by delayed programming.
    • Adaptation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis during puberty is crucial for long-term cognitive and behavioral outcomes.
    • Individual differences in stress response adaptation influence cognitive programming.