Transcriptome analysis of Mycoplasma bovis stimulated bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Mycoplasma bovis is a pathogenic bacterium in bovines that causes huge global economic losses. Numerous factors play important roles in M. bovis pathogenesis; however, the host immune response involved in M. bovis infection has not been fully elucidated. We aimed to determine the characteristics of the host immune response to Mycoplasma infection. We evaluated the responsiveness of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with M. bovis via microarray analysis. The transcriptional abundance of innate immune-related genes IL-36A, IL-27, IFN-γ, and IL-17 in PBMCs increased after M. bovis exposure. Upon M. bovis infection, there was increased expression of the lymphocyte activated genes basic leucine zipper transcription factor (BATF) and signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family members 1 and 7 (SLAMF 1 and SLAMF 7) in PBMCs compared with that in unstimulated cells. The study revealed that the transcriptional abundance of innate immunity genes in PBMCs increased during M. bovis infection. This induced the activation of PBMCs, giving rise to an immune response, which is followed by the development of the inflammatory response. The results from this study could be used as the basis for the development of novel vaccine candidates against M. bovis.