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Types of Global Positioning System Surveys

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GPS surveying methods vary in application, accuracy, and data collection techniques, catering to diverse surveying and mapping needs. Static GPS, kinematic GPS, and real-time kinematic (RTK) surveying are widely used. Each technique offers distinct advantages.Static GPS involves placing one receiver at a known reference point and another at the target point. It collects exact positional data by observing multiple satellite ranges over an extended period, achieving centimeter-level accuracy for...

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become an indispensable tool in fieldwork, offering unparalleled precision and efficiency for surveying, navigation, and infrastructure development. By harnessing signals from a constellation of satellites, GPS receivers determine the location of objects with remarkable speed and accuracy, often completing calculations within a second.Advantages of Modern GPS TechnologyContemporary GPS receivers are designed to meet the practical demands of field...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 24, 2025

Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults

Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults

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A Survey of Smartphone-Based Indoor Positioning System Using RF-Based Wireless Technologies.

Santosh Subedi¹, Jae-Young Pyun¹

¹Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chosun University, Kwangju 501-759, Korea.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|December 22, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study reviews smartphone-based indoor positioning systems (IPS) using Wi-Fi and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). It details fingerprinting localization methods, challenges, and future trends for reliable indoor location services.

Keywords:

Bluetooth low energy Wi-Fi fingerprinting localization indoor positioning system performance metrics positioning algorithms

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Last Updated: Nov 24, 2025

Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults

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Published on: February 8, 2019

Effective Analysis of Human Exposure Conditions with Body-worn Dosimeters in the 2.4 GHz Band

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Published on: May 2, 2018

Evaluation of a Smartphone-based Human Activity Recognition System in a Daily Living Environment

Evaluation of a Smartphone-based Human Activity Recognition System in a Daily Living Environment

Published on: December 11, 2015

Area of Science:

Computer Science
Electrical Engineering
Geomatics Engineering

Background:

Increasing demand for location-based services (LBS) in commercial and social sectors.
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are effective outdoors but fail indoors due to signal limitations.
The need for robust Indoor Positioning Systems (IPS) is driven by GNSS limitations in indoor environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of smartphone-based indoor localization solutions utilizing radio frequency technologies.
To focus on fingerprinting localization techniques for practical IPS development.
To analyze challenges, solutions, performance, and future trends in smartphone-based IPS.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on radio frequency-based indoor localization.
Detailed discussion of fingerprinting localization techniques.
Analysis of practical IPS using smartphones with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) as signal sources.

Main Results:

Fingerprinting localization is a widely accepted method for IPS due to its accuracy.
Practical IPS using smartphones with Wi-Fi/BLE present specific challenges.
A comprehensive comparison of available solutions and their performance is presented.

Conclusions:

Smartphone-based IPS, particularly using Wi-Fi and BLE fingerprinting, are crucial for indoor LBS.
Addressing practical challenges and exploring future trends are essential for advancing IPS technology.
Further research is needed to optimize performance and overcome limitations in real-world indoor environments.