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Health Literacy01:21

Health Literacy

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Health literacy is an individual's or a community's capacity to comprehend, receive, read, and use relevant healthcare information and services. The World Health Organization (WHO, 2018) defines health literacy as the cognitive and social skills that determine the ability of individuals to gain access to, understand, and use information in ways that promote and maintain good health. As a result, the WHO helps individuals manage long-term health concerns, participate in preventative...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

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Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
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Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
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Aging and Functional Health Literacy: A Population-based Study.

Mary Ganguli1, Tiffany F Hughes2, Yichen Jia3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry : Official Journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry
|December 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Low functional health literacy in older adults is linked to being older, male, and having lower reading skills. Assessing health literacy is crucial for effective patient communication and better health outcomes.

Keywords:
Selection: S-TOFHLAcommunity-basedepidemiology

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Health Literacy Research

Background:

  • Functional health literacy is critical for older adults to navigate healthcare.
  • Disadvantaged older populations may face unique challenges in health literacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate functional health literacy among older adults in a disadvantaged area.
  • To identify factors associated with low functional health literacy in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional epidemiologic study was conducted on a population-based cohort of 1066 individuals aged 65+.
  • The Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA) and various cognitive and demographic measures were used.

Main Results:

  • 7.04% of participants had inadequate or marginal functional health literacy.
  • Low S-TOFHLA scores were associated with older age, male sex, lower education, lower income, poorer cognitive function, and higher prescription drug use.
  • Multiple regression identified older age, male sex, and lower reading level as independent predictors of low functional health literacy.

Conclusions:

  • Functional health literacy in older adults is associated with demographic factors and cognitive abilities, particularly reading level.
  • Healthcare providers should assess health literacy in older patients to improve communication and health outcomes.
  • Targeted interventions may be needed for older adults with low functional health literacy.