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Fruit and Vegetable Waste: Bioactive Compounds, Their Extraction, and Possible Utilization.

Narashans Alok Sagar1, Sunil Pareek1, Sunil Sharma1

  • 1Dept. of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Natl. Inst. of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat, Haryana 131 028, India.

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|December 22, 2020
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Summary

Fruit and vegetable waste, comprising up to 60% of produce, contains valuable bioactive compounds. Valorizing this waste offers a sustainable solution for the food and health industries.

Keywords:
bioactive compoundsby-productshorticulturephytochemicalspostharvestprocessing

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Food Science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Fruits and vegetables are vital horticultural crops, with increasing demand due to population growth and dietary shifts.
  • Significant losses and waste (up to 60%) occur in fruit and vegetable production and processing, posing nutritional, economic, and environmental challenges.
  • By-products from processing, such as seeds, skins, and pomace, constitute 25-30% of the raw commodity and are rich in bioactive compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the types and nature of fruit and vegetable waste.
  • To identify bioactive components present in this waste.
  • To discuss extraction techniques and potential applications of these compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on fruit and vegetable waste composition.
  • Analysis of bioactive compounds (carotenoids, polyphenols, fibers, etc.) in waste materials.
  • Exploration of extraction methodologies and industrial applications.

Main Results:

  • Fruit and vegetable waste is a rich source of bioactive compounds like carotenoids, polyphenols, dietary fibers, vitamins, enzymes, and oils.
  • These compounds possess significant potential for utilization in various sectors.
  • Extraction and valorization of these components contribute to sustainable development.

Conclusions:

  • Fruit and vegetable waste represents a valuable resource, not merely a disposal problem.
  • The bioactive compounds within this waste can be effectively extracted and utilized.
  • Valorizing fruit and vegetable by-products is crucial for sustainable industrial practices and product development.