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Allergen sensitization associates with worse lung function parameters.

I Gonçalves1,2,3, A M Pereira1,2,4, T A Queirós Jacinto2,3,4,5

  • 1Allergy Unit, Instituto and Hospital CUF, Porto, Portugal.

European Annals of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|December 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with airway symptoms and allergen sensitization showed worse lung function. More allergen sensitizations correlated with poorer key lung function parameters, impacting respiratory health.

Keywords:
Allergenairwayslung functionsensitizationskin prick test

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Airway symptoms are often linked to allergic conditions.
  • Assessing allergen sensitization is crucial for understanding respiratory health.
  • Lung function testing provides objective measures of respiratory impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between the number of allergen sensitizations and lung function.
  • To determine if allergen exposure impacts specific lung function parameters in symptomatic individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of individuals undergoing lung function and skin-prick tests between 2011 and 2016.
  • Evaluation of six allergen groups and their association with spirometry and plethysmography.
  • Analysis of pre- and post-bronchodilator (BD) lung function parameters, including % predicted FEV1 and % change in FEV1, and % sRaw.

Main Results:

  • 1293 individuals were included; 69% had sensitization to at least one allergen group.
  • Non-sensitized individuals exhibited significantly higher % FEV1 and lower % change in FEV1 post-BD.
  • Polysensitized individuals showed higher specific airway resistance (% sRaw) compared to non-sensitized individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Allergen sensitization is significantly associated with diminished lung function parameters.
  • The degree of sensitization may correlate with the severity of lung function impairment.
  • Findings highlight the importance of identifying allergen sensitization in managing airway symptoms.