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Related Concept Videos

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

825
Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
825
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:28

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

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Prokinetic agents are specialized medications that stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, promoting food movement through the GI tract. Dopamine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a significant role in this process, reducing GI motility and indirectly controlling the speed of digestion. Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as metoclopramide and domperidone, offer a unique advantage as prokinetic agents. By blocking the dopamine receptors, these drugs increase GI motility, improving food...
933
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

653
Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
653
Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

240
This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
In gastric emptying studies, a meal's liquid and...
240
Gastric Motility01:16

Gastric Motility

2.0K
Gastric motility is the coordinated contraction and relaxation of stomach muscles that convert ingested food into chyme, a semi-liquid substance ready for further digestion in the intestines. The process begins with the vagus nerve inducing the relaxation of the smooth muscles in the fundus and body of the stomach, allowing these regions to expand and accommodate up to approximately 1.5 liters of food and liquid.
Peristaltic Waves and Chyme Formation
Upon food entry, the stomach initiates...
2.0K
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Other Laxatives01:20

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Other Laxatives

765
Laxatives are primarily used to alleviate constipation, a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequent bowel movements and difficulty passing stools. They work by various mechanisms to increase the volume or frequency of bowel movements. The primary modes of action of laxatives include increasing stool bulk, softening the stool, stimulating intestinal motility, and osmotically drawing water into the intestines.
Osmotic or saline laxatives, like magnesium hydroxide or milk of...
765

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Author Spotlight: Reliable and Reproducible In Vitro Assessment of Drug Impact on Rat Intestinal Tubes
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Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders in Critically Ill.

Deepak Govil1, Divya Pal2

  • 1Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesia, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurugram, Haryana, India.

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine : Peer-Reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine
|December 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Gastrointestinal motility disorders are common in the intensive care unit (ICU), leading to severe complications and increased mortality. Early identification and targeted therapy are crucial for improving outcomes in critically ill patients.

Keywords:
GastroparesisIleusIntensive careMotility disorderPseudo-obstruction

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Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor GIMM
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Functional Assessment of Intestinal Motility and Gut Wall Inflammation in Rodents: Analyses in a Standardized Model of Intestinal Manipulation
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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders are prevalent in intensive care unit (ICU) settings.
  • These disorders are linked to significant morbidity, including feeding intolerance, malnutrition, sepsis, and multiple organ failure.
  • Factors like mechanical ventilation, vasopressor use, and opioids contribute to GI dysmotility in critically ill patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of recognizing and managing GI motility disorders in critically ill patients.
  • To emphasize the correlation between GI motility dysfunction and critical illness severity.
  • To advocate for early diagnosis and targeted therapeutic interventions.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on GI motility disorders in the ICU.
  • It examines risk factors, clinical implications, and diagnostic considerations.
  • The focus is on the clinical significance and management strategies.

Main Results:

  • GI dysmotility is associated with poorer clinical outcomes, including prolonged hospital stays and increased mortality.
  • The severity of critical illness directly correlates with the degree of GI motility dysfunction.
  • Early detection is key to implementing effective management.

Conclusions:

  • Gastrointestinal motility disorders pose a significant threat to critically ill patients.
  • Prompt identification and intervention are essential to mitigate complications and improve patient survival.
  • Further research into optimal management strategies is warranted.