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Acinetobacter Baumannii Native Valve Infective Endocarditis: A Case Report

Ismahane Lahmidi1, Darar Charmake2, Noha Elouafi2

  • 1Cardiology, Mohammed I University/Mohammed VI University Hospital, Epidemiological Laboratory of Clinical Research and Public Health, Oujda, MAR.

Cureus
|December 23, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Infective endocarditis caused by Acinetobacter baumannii is a rare but severe complication in critically ill patients. This case highlights the high mortality associated with A. baumannii endocarditis, even with aggressive treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious infection of the heart valves.
  • Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen increasingly associated with healthcare-associated infections.
  • IE caused by A. baumannii is rare but carries a high mortality rate, particularly in critically ill patients.

Observation:

  • A 54-year-old woman developed A. baumannii infective endocarditis three days after ICU admission.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed by positive blood cultures and transthoracic echocardiography showing mitral valve vegetation.
  • Despite intensive treatment, the patient's outcome was poor.

Findings:

  • Acinetobacter baumannii endocarditis is associated with a higher mortality than HACEK group endocarditis.
  • A. baumannii infections in hospitalized patients lead to prolonged hospital stays, increased morbidity, and mortality.
  • Aggressive therapeutic regimens may not be sufficient to overcome the severity of A. baumannii IE.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the critical need for vigilance in diagnosing and managing A. baumannii infections, especially IE.
  • Early recognition and effective antimicrobial strategies are crucial for improving outcomes in A. baumannii endocarditis.
  • Further research into optimal treatment protocols for A. baumannii IE is warranted to reduce associated mortality and healthcare costs.

Keywords:
acinetobacter baumanniiinfective endocarditisnosocomial infections

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