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Gas flow through atomic-scale apertures.

Jothi Priyanka Thiruraman1,2, Sidra Abbas Dar3,4,5, Paul Masih Das1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

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|December 23, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atomic defects in two-dimensional (2D) materials like tungsten disulfide (WS2) function as atomic apertures for gas flow. This study demonstrates their potential for gas separation and sensing applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Traditional gas flow analysis relies on outdated theories.
  • Emerging nanostructures present challenges to existing models.
  • Atomic-scale apertures offer a new frontier in gas transport research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate atomic-scale defects in 2D materials as apertures for gas flow.
  • To establish tungsten disulfide (WS2) monolayers as atomically thin barriers with controllable apertures.
  • To develop a method for large-area defect confirmation for potential applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of atomic vacancies in freestanding WS2 monolayers using focused ion beam irradiation.
  • Characterization of atomic apertures using aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy.
  • Gas flow measurements, specifically helium, through WS2 membranes with atomic apertures.

Main Results:

  • Pristine WS2 monolayers function as effective atomically thin barriers.
  • Atomic vacancies created in WS2 serve as functional atomic apertures.
  • WS2 membranes with atomic apertures exhibit mechanical robustness and facilitate fast helium flow.

Conclusions:

  • Atomic defects in 2D materials provide ultimate quasi-0D apertures for gas transport.
  • WS2 monolayers with atomic apertures are promising for applications in molecular separation, quantum emitters, and ultrasensitive gas sensing.
  • A scalable method for confirming atomic aperture formation is proposed, paving the way for practical applications.