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Updated: Nov 24, 2025

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery
Published on: September 26, 2025
Recent advances in ionic liquids and nanotechnology for drug delivery
Mariana Amaral1, Ana B Pereiro2, Maria Manuela Gaspar1
1Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-003, Portugal.
Abstract:
In drug discovery and drug development, it is estimated that around 40% of commercialized and 90% of under-study drugs have inadequate pharmaceutical properties, severely impairing its therapeutic efficacy. Thus, there is a strong demand to find strategies to enhance the delivery of such drugs. Ionic liquids are a novel class of liquids composed of a combination of organic salts that are of particular interest alone or in combination with drug delivery systems. This review is focused on the recent efforts using ionic liquids in drug solubility, formulation and drug delivery with specific emphasis on nanotechnology. The latest developments using hybrid delivery systems obtained upon the combination of drug delivery systems and ionic liquids will also be addressed.
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