Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 24, 2025
08:53
Localization, Identification, and Excision of Murine Adipose Depots
Published on: December 4, 2014
41.6K
Adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in obesity.
Tatsuo Kawai1, Michael V Autieri1, Rosario Scalia1
1The Cardiovascular Research Center and The Limole Center for Integrated Lymphatic Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology
|December 28, 2020
Summary
Chronic low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue, particularly visceral fat, drives metabolic disease and obesity complications. Understanding its complex signaling pathways and endogenous anti-inflammatory mediators is crucial for developing new obesity treatments.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Metabolic Disease
- Obesity Research
Background:
- Chronic low-grade inflammation of adipose tissue is a key factor in metabolic disease and obesity-related organ complications.
- Dysfunctional adipocytes and immune cell infiltration sustain adipose tissue inflammation, impacting remote organ function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of current research on adipose tissue inflammation.
- To highlight recent findings and summarize the understanding of its pathogenesis.
- To discuss endogenous anti-inflammatory mediators and their therapeutic potential in obesity.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of preclinical and clinical research.
- Analysis of signaling cascades in adipose tissue immune response.
- Examination of adipokines, cytokines, and chemokines involved.
Main Results:
- Adipose tissue inflammation is mechanistically linked to metabolic dysfunction and organ complications.
- Dysfunctional adipocytes and infiltrating immune cells are central to inflammation initiation and maintenance.
- Inflammation negatively affects distant organ function, contributing to obesity's adverse effects.
Conclusions:
- Adipose tissue inflammation is a critical driver of obesity-related pathologies.
- Further research into endogenous anti-inflammatory mediators may reveal novel therapeutic targets.
- Understanding the complex interplay of inflammatory pathways is essential for combating obesity.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Obesity
934
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
934
01:24Overview of Lipid Metabolism
3.9K
Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
3.9K
01:02Hypodermis
6.9K
The hypodermis (the subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia) is present directly below the dermis. It connects the skin to the underlying fascia (fibrous tissue) of the bones and muscles. It is not strictly a part of the skin, although the border between the hypodermis and dermis can be difficult to distinguish. The hypodermis consists of well-vascularized, loose, areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue, which functions as a mode of fat storage and provides insulation and cushioning for...
6.9K
01:20Pathophysiology of Diabetes
2.5K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
2.5K
01:29Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation
1.0K
Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
Considering cholesterol and...
1.0K
01:25Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution
111
Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
111