Difficult airways: a 3D printing study with virtual fibreoptic endoscopy.

Area of Science:

• Medical Imaging
• Anesthesiology
• Otolaryngology

Background:

• Head and neck cancers significantly compromise patient airways, presenting complex management challenges.
• Oropharyngeal, laryngeal, and hypopharyngeal tumors distort airway anatomy, necessitating advanced assessment techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe a novel strategy using 3D augmented reality and 3D printing for assessing and managing difficult airways in head and neck cancer patients.
• To enhance pre-operative planning and communication for airway management in this patient population.

Main Methods:

• Utilized computed tomography (CT) scans to create 3D volume and surface rendered models of patient airways.
• Employed 3D augmented reality software for virtual endoscopic pathway simulation.
• Generated 3D printed models of the most challenging airways using rapid prototyping.

Main Results:

• The 3D approach facilitated detailed virtual assessment of airway anatomy and simulated endoscopic views.
• 3D printed models provided tangible representations of complex airway structures.
• This strategy improved pre-operative understanding and planning for airway management.

Conclusions:

• 3D augmented reality and 3D printing offer a valuable, novel pre-assessment strategy for difficult airways.
• This technique enhances visualization, communication, and planning for anesthesiologists and head and neck surgeons.
• Anticipating critical steps and adjusting plans accordingly improves airway management in head and neck cancer patients.