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Opinion paper: Exercise for healthy aging.

Risto U Erkkola1, Tommi Vasankari2, Riku A Erkkola3

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Central Hospital, Turku, Finland.

Maturitas
|December 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

As people live longer, especially women, physical activity declines, impacting health and independence. This paper explores exercise strategies to promote healthy ageing and maintain quality of life.

Keywords:
ExerciseLate postmenopausal healthPhysical activity

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Modern lifestyles in developed nations have significantly reduced physical demands over the past two centuries.
  • Increased leisure time, earlier retirement, and improved healthcare have led to longer life expectancies, with many living 20-30 years post-retirement.
  • By 2050, a substantial portion of the population in Europe and North America will be over 65, with women outliving men.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore effective exercise strategies for promoting healthy ageing.
  • To address the decline in physical fitness among older adults, particularly women, due to reduced physical demands.
  • To examine the impact of declining fitness on organ systems, mental health, quality of life, and independent living.

Main Methods:

  • This opinion paper reviews current literature and expert knowledge on exercise and ageing.
  • It synthesizes information on the physiological and psychological effects of reduced physical activity in older populations.
  • The paper discusses potential exercise interventions tailored for healthy ageing.

Main Results:

  • Reduced physical demands in ageing populations lead to decreased physical fitness.
  • Declining fitness negatively affects multiple organ systems and functions.
  • This decline has significant consequences for mental health, quality of life, and the ability to live independently.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted exercise strategies are crucial for mitigating the negative effects of reduced physical activity in older adults.
  • Promoting physical fitness is essential for maintaining overall health, mental well-being, and independence in later life.
  • Proactive engagement in exercise can enhance the quality of life during extended post-retirement years.