Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

4.4K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
4.4K
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

6.4K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
6.4K
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

6.0K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
6.0K
Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

3.7K
Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
3.7K
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

90
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
90
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

3.7K
The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
3.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Skin-to-skin contact in neonatal intensive care units: a narrative review of implementation challenges and strategies within infant- and family-centered care.

Frontiers in pediatrics·2026
Same author

Protective Effects of Cashew Apple Bagasse and Its Hydroethanolic Extract Against Fatty Liver in Rats.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Adiposity rebound and height velocity in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

European journal of endocrinology·2026
Same author

Contemporary global management of 21-hydroxylase deficiency congenital adrenal hyperplasia in early infancy: a multi-national registry study.

European journal of endocrinology·2026
Same author

Perceptions and Experiences of Parents of Preterm Infants with Umbilical Venous Catheter Undergoing Skin-to-Skin Contact.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Case Report: Hypoinsulinaemic Hypoketotic Hypoglycaemia Due to an Activating Variant in AKT2.

Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 24, 2025

Application of an Amplitude-integrated EEG Monitor Cerebral Function Monitor to Neonates
05:58

Application of an Amplitude-integrated EEG Monitor Cerebral Function Monitor to Neonates

Published on: September 6, 2017

40.1K

[Thyroid function in < 32 weeks gestation preterm infants].

Alicia Montaner-Ramón1, Susana Hernández-Pérez1, Ariadna Campos-Martorell2

  • 1Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital Universitario Materno-Infantil Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España.

Anales De Pediatria
|December 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid dysfunction is common in preterm newborns. Small for gestational age infants are at higher risk for thyroid function alterations, requiring careful monitoring in the second week of life.

Keywords:
Función tiroideaPequeño para la edad gestacionalPrematuridadPrematuritySmall for gestational ageThyroid functionThyrotropinThyroxineTirotropinaTiroxina

More Related Videos

An Ex vivo Culture System to Study Thyroid Development
08:33

An Ex vivo Culture System to Study Thyroid Development

Published on: June 6, 2014

11.9K
Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

11.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 24, 2025

Application of an Amplitude-integrated EEG Monitor Cerebral Function Monitor to Neonates
05:58

Application of an Amplitude-integrated EEG Monitor Cerebral Function Monitor to Neonates

Published on: September 6, 2017

40.1K
An Ex vivo Culture System to Study Thyroid Development
08:33

An Ex vivo Culture System to Study Thyroid Development

Published on: June 6, 2014

11.9K
Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

11.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal endocrinology
  • Perinatal medicine
  • Thyroid physiology

Context:

  • Preterm newborns (PN) exhibit increased susceptibility to thyroid dysfunction compared to term newborns (TN).
  • Standard neonatal screening may miss thyroid dysfunction in PN due to delayed thyrotropin (TSH) elevation.

Purpose:

  • To assess thyroid function in preterm infants (< 32 weeks gestation) during their second week of life.
  • To identify factors associated with thyroid function abnormalities in this vulnerable population.

Summary:

  • A retrospective study of 358 preterm infants (< 32 weeks gestation) revealed correlations between free thyroxine (T4L) and gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW).
  • Thyrotropin (TSH) levels were significantly associated with small for gestational age (SGA) status, inotropic support, and BW.
  • 2.5% of infants required levothyroxine treatment, with a higher proportion being SGA.

Impact:

  • Second-week thyroid function assessment aids in identifying asymptomatic preterm newborns at risk for thyroid dysfunction.
  • Small for gestational age (SGA) preterm infants represent a high-risk group for thyroid function alterations.