Odds ratio estimation in a steady-state population
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Updated: Oct 13, 2026

Quantifying Yeast Chronological Life Span by Outgrowth of Aged Cells
Published on: May 5, 2009
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Abstract:
A three-state Markov process is used to model a steady-state population. The classical P = ID equation is derived, as well as a number of identities originally reported by Miettinen (Am J Epidemiol 1976; 103: 226-235) and Freeman and Hutchison (Am J Epidemiol 1980; 112: 707-723. Ibid. 1986; 124: 134-149). Using theoretical and empirical methods it is demonstrated that the odds ratio derived from a prevalence-prevalence case-control study conducted in a steady-state population will generally be a biased estimate of the incidence density ratio. However the bias will not likely be of practical importance unless the incidence density ratio is at least 10 or more.
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