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Plasmodium knowlesi in the marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).

J Langhorne, S Cohen

    Parasitology
    |February 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Common marmosets are susceptible to Plasmodium knowlesi malaria, with variable infection outcomes. Survivors developed resistance to subsequent Plasmodium knowlesi challenges.

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Parasitology
    • Primate Models

    Background:

    • Plasmodium knowlesi is a significant cause of human malaria.
    • Non-human primates are crucial models for studying malaria.
    • Susceptibility of common marmosets to P. knowlesi requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the susceptibility of common marmosets to Plasmodium knowlesi.
    • To characterize the course of P. knowlesi infection in marmosets.
    • To evaluate the development of immunity following infection.

    Main Methods:

    • Eight common marmosets were experimentally infected with Plasmodium knowlesi.
    • Parasitemia and clinical signs were monitored.
    • Survivors were re-challenged to assess acquired immunity.

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    Main Results:

    • Common marmosets exhibited susceptibility to P. knowlesi, with parasite morphology similar to natural hosts.
    • Differential susceptibility was observed; five marmosets died from fulminating infections within 12-17 days.
    • Three marmosets recovered and developed resistance to homologous and heterologous P. knowlesi strains for up to 100 days.

    Conclusions:

    • Common marmosets can serve as a model for studying Plasmodium knowlesi malaria.
    • Marmosets display variable outcomes, including fatal infections and spontaneous recovery with acquired resistance.
    • This study highlights the potential of marmosets for malaria research and vaccine development.