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Related Concept Videos

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters01:28

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

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Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
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Formulation and Manufacturing Process: Physical Attributes of Generic Tablets and Capsules01:18

Formulation and Manufacturing Process: Physical Attributes of Generic Tablets and Capsules

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Bioequivalence in generic drugs, such as tablets and capsules, refers to their pharmaceutical equivalence to the brand-name counterparts. However, for therapeutic equivalence, manufacturers must also consider physical attributes like size, shape, and weight (FDA Guidance for Industry, December 2003). Discrepancies in these aspects could impact patient compliance and cause medication errors. For instance, swallowing difficulties, often experienced with larger tablets or capsules, can lead to...
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Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Polymorphic Form-Related and Particle Size-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence01:27

Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Polymorphic Form-Related and Particle Size-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence

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Changes in polymorphic forms can significantly influence the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Although the FDA defines pharmaceutical equivalence based on having the same active ingredient, dosage form, and route of administration, it does not automatically disqualify products with different polymorphic forms. This means two products with different polymorphs can still be deemed pharmaceutically equivalent. However, polymorphic differences can affect properties like wettability,...
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Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load01:23

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Concrete exhibits specific behaviors under different compressive loads. Understanding this is crucial for understanding its structural integrity. When concrete undergoes uniaxial compression, it tends to develop cracks that run parallel to the direction of the force. These parallel cracks stem from localized tensile stresses that occur perpendicular to the compression direction. Additionally, angled cracks may appear due to the formation of shear planes.
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Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

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Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Related Experiment Video

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Understanding Deformation Behavior and Compression Speed Effect in Gabapentin Compacts.

Rahul Roopwani1, Ira S Buckner1

  • 1Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|December 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Gabapentin powder exhibits brittle fracture during compression. Faster compression speeds increase tensile strength and hardness, due to greater particle fragmentation and smaller pore formation, indicating atypical strain rate sensitivity.

Keywords:
CompressionCompression speedDeformation behaviorFormulationHardnessMechanical propertiesPath dependencePowder compactionPowder technology(s)Scale-upSolid dosage form(s)Tableting

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Materials Science
  • Powder Technology

Background:

  • Understanding powder deformation mechanisms is crucial for tablet formulation.
  • Gabapentin's mechanical properties and strain rate sensitivity require detailed investigation for optimal processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the deformation mechanism of gabapentin powder.
  • To investigate the strain rate sensitivity of gabapentin during compaction.
  • To correlate compression speed with powder compactibility and physical properties.

Main Methods:

  • Heckel analysis for yield pressure determination.
  • Indentation hardness and specific surface area measurements.
  • Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) for solid-state stability assessment.
  • Compression at varying speeds (1 mm/min and 500 mm/min).

Main Results:

  • Brittle fracture and intermediate yield pressure dominate gabapentin deformation.
  • Gabapentin shows atypical strain rate sensitivity, with faster compression increasing tensile strength.
  • Higher compression speeds lead to increased particle fragmentation, higher surface area, greater hardness, and smaller pore sizes.

Conclusions:

  • Gabapentin's compactibility is significantly influenced by compression speed.
  • Faster compression enhances mechanical properties through increased fragmentation and altered pore structure.
  • No impact of compression speed on gabapentin's solid-state stability was observed.