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Defining Hsp33's Redox-regulated Chaperone Activity and Mapping Conformational Changes on Hsp33 Using Hydrogen-deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry
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Redox signaling, mitochondrial metabolism, epigenetics and redox active phytochemicals

Renyi Wu1, Shanyi Li1, Rasika Hudlikar1

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.

Free Radical Biology & Medicine
|December 28, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Redox signaling, involving reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (RO/NS), impacts diseases by affecting cellular balance and epigenetics. Redox-active phytochemicals offer therapeutic potential by modulating these processes.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Biological redox signaling is crucial in disease pathogenesis.
  • Oxidative stress arises from an imbalance between reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (RO/NS) and antioxidant capacity.
  • Mitochondrial metabolism and external factors generate RO/NS, influencing cellular signaling and epigenetic modifications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interplay between redox signaling, mitochondrial metabolism, and epigenetics.
  • To explore the role of redox-active phytochemicals in modulating these pathways.
  • To highlight future directions for integrating these concepts in human health.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advances in redox signaling research.
  • Analysis of studies on RO/NS effects on epigenetic machinery (DNA methylation, histone modifications).
  • Examination of phytochemicals' dual redox and epigenetic activities.

Main Results:

  • RO/NS significantly impact epigenetic mechanisms, influencing gene expression.
  • Phytochemicals demonstrate both radical scavenging and epigenetic modifying properties.
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to altered redox balance and epigenetic dysregulation.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the complex interactions between redox signaling, metabolism, and epigenetics is vital for disease management.
  • Redox-active phytochemicals present a promising therapeutic avenue.
  • Further research is needed to translate these findings into clinical applications for human health.
Keywords:
Citric acid cycleEpigeneticsMetabolismOxidative stressRedoxRedox active phytochemicals

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