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Updated: Nov 24, 2025

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
Published on: August 9, 2019
Clinical Applications of Single-Stranded Oligonucleotides: Current Landscape of Approved and In-Development
Juergen Scharner1, Isabel Aznarez1
1Stoke Therapeutics, Inc., Bedford, MA, USA.
Single-stranded oligonucleotides are revolutionizing medicine, offering new treatments for genetic diseases by precisely targeting gene expression and immune pathways. This versatile therapeutic platform is expanding into novel applications and vaccines.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Molecular Biology
- Therapeutic Development
Background:
- Single-stranded oligonucleotides (ssOligos) have been investigated as therapeutics for over two decades.
- In the past five years, ssOligos have emerged as a preferred modality in precision medicine and targeted therapies.
- Recent advancements have enabled treatments for previously intractable genetic diseases using ssOligos.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review key applications of single-stranded oligonucleotides in modulating precursor mRNA splicing, gene expression, and immune pathways.
- To highlight the therapeutic potential of ssOligos across diverse diseases, including neurological, muscular, and metabolic disorders.
- To discuss the evolution of ssOligo therapeutics, focusing on approved treatments and emerging clinical applications.
Main Methods:
- Review of scientific literature and clinical trial data on single-stranded oligonucleotide therapies.
- Analysis of sequence-dependent mechanisms of action for ssOligos.
- Examination of applications in genetic disease treatment and vaccine development.
Main Results:
- Single-stranded oligonucleotides demonstrate versatility as a therapeutic platform.
- Sequence-dependent modulation of pre-mRNA splicing, gene expression, and immune pathways are key applications.
- ssOligos are successfully addressing a range of genetic disorders and contributing to vaccine development.
Conclusions:
- Single-stranded oligonucleotides represent a robust and versatile therapeutic platform.
- The application of ssOligos has expanded significantly, leading to treatments for previously untreatable genetic conditions.
- Ongoing clinical development promises further novel applications for oligonucleotide therapeutics.
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