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Human adenovirus species in children with acute respiratory illnesses
Varvara Probst1, Emily K Datyner1, Zaid Haddadin1
1Departments of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave. South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
Insights
Human adenovirus (HAdV) species C and B are common causes of pediatric acute respiratory illness (ARI). HAdV-C was linked to younger age, hospitalization, and seizures compared to HAdV-B, suggesting potential differences in severity.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Respiratory Health
Background:
- Human adenovirus (HAdV) species B, C, and E are frequent causes of acute respiratory illnesses (ARI).
- Understanding the association between specific HAdV species and ARI severity in children is crucial for clinical management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between HAdV species and the severity of acute respiratory illnesses in pediatric patients.
- To compare clinical characteristics and outcomes among children infected with different HAdV species.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of pediatric HAdV cases identified via BioFire® FilmArray Respiratory Pathogen Panel 2.0.
- Type-specific PCR assays were used to identify HAdV species (B, C, E).
- Demographic, clinical, and outcome data were analyzed and compared between HAdV species.
Main Results:
- HAdV species B and C were the most prevalent, detected in 44% and 48% of identified cases, respectively.
- Patients with HAdV-C were more likely to be younger, hospitalized, and experience seizures compared to those with HAdV-B.
- The majority of HAdV-positive specimens were from patients presenting to the Emergency Department (62%), with approximately one-third requiring hospitalization.
Conclusions:
- HAdV-C and HAdV-B are the predominant species causing pediatric ARI, exhibiting distinct clinical presentations.
- Further research with larger cohorts is needed to elucidate type-specific severity differences and inform HAdV vaccine development.
Background:
Human adenovirus (HAdV) species B, C, and E are commonly associated with acute respiratory illnesses (ARI). We sought to determine the association between HAdV species and ARI severity in children over one respiratory season at Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children with HAdV from a provider-ordered BioFire® FilmArray Respiratory Pathogen Panel 2.0 (RPP) from 05/2018-06/2019. Type-specific PCR assays for HAdV-B3, B7, B11, B14, B16, B21, HAdV-C1, C2, C5, C6, and HAdV-E4 were performed. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcome data were compared between HAdV species.
Results:
Of 4514 respiratory specimens collected, 2644 (59 %) had at least one pathogen detected by RPP, and 384 (15 %) were HAdV-positive; 342 (89 %) were available for research testing with 306 (89 %) specimens from unique symptomatic individuals; 237 (77 %) were positive for the following species: 104 (44 %) HAdV-B, 114 (48 %) HAdV-C, 9 (4%) HAdV-E, and 10 (4%) with co-detection between species. The majority with identified HAdV species were seen in the ED (62 %), and approximately one-third were hospitalized. Patients with HAdV-C were more likely to be younger, hospitalized, and have a higher frequency of seizures compared to HAdV-B.
Conclusion:
HAdV-C and HAdV-B were the most common species detected, with differences in clinical characteristics and outcomes noted. Additional studies with larger sample sizes focusing on a high-risk pediatric population are necessary to determine if differences in illness severity across individual HAdV types exist to guide further type-specific HAdV vaccine development.
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