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Updated: Nov 24, 2025

Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing
Published on: March 22, 2019
Long-wave infrared multi-wavelength optical source for standoff detection of chemical warfare agents
Abstract:
We have designed and built a wavelength-tunable optical source for standoff detection of gaseous chemicals by differential absorption spectrometry in the long-wave infrared. It is based on a nanosecond 2 µm single-frequency optical parametric oscillator, whose idler wave is amplified in large aperture Rb:PPKTP crystals. The signal and idler waves are mixed in ZnGeP2 crystals to produce single-frequency tunable radiation in the 7.5-10.5 µm range. The source was integrated into a direct detection lidar to measure sarin and sulfur mustard inside a closed chamber, in an integrated path configuration with a noncooperative target.
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