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Streptococcus sanguis brain abscess as an initial manifestation of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation

Chee Yik Chang1, Cindy Syn Ying Chai1, Edmund L C Ong2

  • 1Medical Department Sarawak General Hospital Sarawak Malaysia.

Clinical Case Reports
|December 28, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation can lead to paradoxical embolization, causing stroke and brain abscess. This case highlights a brain abscess linked to this vascular anomaly.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are abnormal connections between pulmonary arteries and veins.
  • These vascular anomalies can lead to paradoxical embolization, where clots bypass the lungs and enter systemic circulation.
  • Complications include neurological events such as stroke and brain abscess.

Observation:

  • A case presentation of a patient with a confirmed pulmonary arteriovenous malformation.
  • The patient developed a brain abscess, a serious intracranial infection.
  • The clinical course suggests a link between the PAVM and the subsequent neurological complication.

Findings:

  • The study identifies a direct association between pulmonary arteriovenous malformation and the occurrence of brain abscess.
  • This case underscores the risk of paradoxical embolization from PAVMs manifesting as intracranial infection.
  • Diagnostic imaging and clinical evaluation confirmed the PAVM and the brain abscess.

Implications:

  • Early recognition and management of PAVMs are crucial to prevent severe complications like brain abscess.
  • This case emphasizes the importance of considering PAVMs in patients presenting with unexplained brain abscess.
  • Further research into screening and treatment strategies for PAVMs may reduce the incidence of paradoxical embolization complications.
Keywords:
Streptococcus sanguisbrain abscesspulmonary arteriovenous malformation

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