A comparative study of clinical profile and symptom control in overweight and normal weight school-age children with
Sharmila Manivannan1, Venkatesh Chandrasekaran1, Nandheeswari Subramanian1
1Department of Pediatrics JIPMER Puducherry India.
Insights
Overweight children with mild persistent asthma did not show higher rates of poor symptom control compared to normal-weight children. No significant risk factors for poor symptom control were identified in this study.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Asthma Research
- Obesity and Health
Background:
- Mild persistent asthma affects children globally.
- Childhood obesity is a growing concern with potential health implications.
- Understanding asthma control in relation to weight status is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of poor symptom control in overweight/obese versus normal-weight children with mild persistent asthma.
- To identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with poor symptom control in these groups.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving children aged 6-12 years with mild persistent asthma.
- Cases: overweight/obese (BMI Z-score > +1). Controls: normal weight (BMI Z-score -2 to +1).
- Symptom control assessed using Asthma Control Test (ACT) score; lung function (FEV1, FEV1/FVC) measured.
Main Results:
- Poor symptom control prevalence was 19.1% in overweight/obese and 23.4% in normal-weight children, with no significant difference.
- No significant correlation found between BMI Z-score and ACT score.
- Overweight/obese children with good control had lower FEV1/FVC and higher eosinophils; gastroesophageal reflux and allergic rhinitis were more frequent.
Conclusions:
- Overweight/obesity status did not significantly increase the risk of poor symptom control in children with mild persistent asthma.
- The study did not identify significant risk factors for poor symptom control in either weight group.
Objectives:
To find out the proportion of children with poor symptom control in overweight/obese and normal weight children with mild persistent asthma and to know the sociodemographic and clinical correlates of poor symptom control in them.
Materials And Methods:
Children aged 6 to 12 years with mild persistent asthma with BMI Z score for age and sex more than +1 Z score on WHO BMI Z score chart for age and sex formed the cases. Age- and sex-matched asthmatics with BMI Z score for age and sex between -2 Z and +1 Z score formed the controls. FEV1, FEV1/FVC were measured in both groups using Care Fusion Jaeger spirometer. Symptom control was assessed by ACT score. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 19 and Vassarstats.
Results:
The proportion of children with poor control was 19.1% in the overweight/obese group and 23.4% in the normal weight group. There was no significant correlation between BMI and symptom control as assessed by the ACT score. Overweight/obese children with good control showed a slightly lower FEV1/FVC ratio and higher median eosinophil count compared to children with normal weight. Gastroesophageal reflux and allergic rhinitis were more commonly seen in overweight/obese children. In the poor control group, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and median eosinophil counts were not significantly different between overweight/obese and normal weight group but were less when compared to good control group.
Conclusion:
The proportion of poor symptom control was not high in overweight/obese asthmatic children compared to normal weight asthmatic children. No significant risk factors for poor symptom control could be identified in our study for either of the groups.
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