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Pulmonary tuberculosis at Patan Hospital, Nepal: One year audit
M K Sah1, K Maharjan1, P Aryal1
1Department of EM and GP, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Bagmati Province, Nepal.
Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
|December 28, 2020
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) disproportionately affects older males in Nepal, with higher rates of smear-positive cases. Controlling this pulmonary TB burden presents significant challenges for low-middle income countries.
Area of Science:
- Global Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading global cause of death, exacerbated in Nepal by poverty and malnutrition.
- Sputum identification of *Mycobacterium tuberculosis* is crucial for diagnosing pulmonary TB.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence, burden, and challenges of pulmonary tuberculosis in Nepal.
- To analyze demographic and diagnostic factors associated with pulmonary TB in a low-middle income country.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective audit of one year of secondary data was conducted (n=4131).
- Descriptive analysis (frequency, percentage) and inferential statistics (chi-square test) were employed.
- Significance level was set at p < 0.05; ethical approval was obtained.
Main Results:
- Pulmonary TB prevalence was highest in individuals over 60 years (32.54%) and lowest in those 15 years or younger (5.79%).
- Males had 1.67 times more smear-positive pulmonary TB cases.
- Among AFB-positive cases, smear 3+ was most frequent (38.54%), followed by smear 1+ (31.28%) and smear 2+ (30.16%).
Conclusions:
- Smear-positive pulmonary TB is more prevalent in males, with a higher intensity (smear 3+) observed.
- Adults and the elderly bear a greater burden of pulmonary TB.
- Controlling pulmonary TB poses a significant challenge for developing nations like Nepal.
Keywords:
AFB smear gradingAFB, Acid Fast BacilliAIDS, Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromeBurden of illnessHIV, Human Immunodeficiency VirusIRC, Institutional Review CommitteeLab., LaboratoryNotified casePAHS, Patan Academy of Health SciencesPulmonary tuberculosisSputum smearSuspected caseTB, TuberculosisWHO, World Health OrganizationMore Related Videos
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