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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 24, 2025

Strategic Screening and Characterization of the Visual GPCR-mini-G Protein Signaling Complex for Successful Crystallization
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Novel pH-Sensitive Microbial Rhodopsin from Sphingomonas paucimobilis.

N Maliar1, I S Okhrimenko1, L E Petrovskaya2

  • 1Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow oblast, Russia.

Doklady. Biochemistry and Biophysics
|December 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers characterized SpaR rhodopsin from Sphingomonas paucimobilis, revealing its unique DTS motif and outward proton pumping activity at low pH. This microbial ion transporter shows potential for membrane protein research and optogenetics.

Keywords:
light-activated ion transporterlight-driven proton pumpmicrobial rhodopsinoptogenetics

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Sphingomonas paucimobilis is an aerobic bacterium linked to opportunistic infections.
  • Rhodopsins are microbial membrane proteins with diverse functions.
  • The SpaR rhodopsin from S. paucimobilis has not been previously characterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the novel rhodopsin SpaR from Sphingomonas paucimobilis.
  • To investigate the functional properties and pH-dependent behavior of SpaR.
  • To explore the potential applications of SpaR in basic research and optogenetics.

Main Methods:

  • Sequence analysis of the SpaR protein.
  • Functional assays to determine proton pumping activity at different pH levels.
  • Photocycle analysis in detergent micelles to study pH-dependent kinetics.

Main Results:

  • SpaR possesses an unusual DTS motif, not previously reported in Proteobacteria rhodopsins.
  • SpaR functions as an outward proton pump, primarily active at low pH.
  • Proton pumping is significantly reduced at neutral and alkaline pH.
  • The rhodopsin photocycle slows with increasing pH due to extended Schiff base reprotonation.

Conclusions:

  • SpaR is a novel microbial ion transporter with unique characteristics.
  • Its pH-dependent proton pumping activity makes it an interesting subject for membrane protein research.
  • SpaR holds promise as a potential optogenetic tool due to its functional properties.