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Updated: Nov 24, 2025

Dynamic Navigation in Endodontics: Guided Access Cavity Preparation by Means of a Miniaturized Navigation System
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Accuracy and efficiency of guided root-end resection using a dynamic navigation system: a human cadaver study.

O Dianat1, A Nosrat1, B Mostoufi2

  • 1Division of Endodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

International Endodontic Journal
|December 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Dynamic navigation systems (DNS) improve accuracy and efficiency in root-end resections compared to freehand (FH) techniques. DNS minimizes deviations and operation time, offering a potentially safer option for endodontic microsurgery.

Keywords:
apical surgeryapicoectomydynamic navigationguidance endodonticsmicrosurgeryroot-end surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Endodontic Microsurgery
  • Dental Navigation Technology
  • Surgical Accuracy

Background:

  • Root-end resection is a critical endodontic microsurgical procedure.
  • Traditional freehand techniques can be limited by accuracy and efficiency.
  • Advancements in navigation systems offer potential improvements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy and efficiency of dynamic navigation systems (DNS) versus freehand (FH) techniques for root-end resection.
  • To evaluate the impact of root proximity to the buccal cortical plate on surgical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A human cadaver model was used with 40 roots divided into DNS and FH groups.
  • Pre- and post-operative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were utilized.
  • Key metrics included linear deviations, angular deflection, operation time, and mishaps.

Main Results:

  • The DNS group demonstrated significantly lower linear deviations, angular deflection, and operation time (P < .05).
  • No significant difference in the number of mishaps was observed between groups (P > .05).
  • Proximity to the buccal cortical plate (>5 mm) negatively impacted FH accuracy and efficiency but not DNS.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic navigation systems are more accurate and efficient for root-end resection than freehand techniques in a cadaver model.
  • Root proximity to the buccal cortical plate significantly affects FH technique outcomes.
  • DNS presents a promising, safe, and reliable technological advancement for endodontic microsurgery.